On July 28, 2021, Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro passed an amendment to the 2006 Maria da Penha law, which criminalized domestic violence in Brazil. The new amendment, Law N14.188, defines the Sinal Vermelho - or writing a "red X" on your hand to signal domestic violence - as one of the official measures to combat violence against women. Additionally, Article 147-B of the amendment criminalizes psychological violence against women.